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September 17, 2013

Open Source Software

Open source software, or sourceware, defined as "software whose source code is available, so that users can customize or extend it." This is in contrast to most commercial software, whose source code is not available to the public.

"Source code" is the part of software that most computer users don't ever see; it's the code computer programmers can use to change how a piece of software works. Programmers who have access to a computer program's source code can improve that program by adding features to it or fixing parts that don't always work correctly.

Most important aspects of open source software
1. Flexibility: Each open source community has tremendous flexibility in modifying the program
2. Innovation: The development model encourages tremendous innovation
3. Reliability: Quality assurance program for open source software is far more reliable and efficient than any commercial effort can afford to be
4. Faster development time:
 



Some famous Open Source Software's are
1)The Firefox Web browser
2)Open Office
3)Redo Backup and Recovery
4)Feed Reader
5)Pidgin
6)Mozilla Thunderbird
7)FileZilla
8)GnuCash
9)VLC
10)NotePad ++
11)PDF Creator
12)Joomla
13)osCommerce
14)mySQL
15)PHP
16)gimp
17)Magento
18)Handbrake
19)Freemind
20)Apache
  


Doesn’t "open source" just mean something is free of charge?
No. This is a common misconception about what "open source" implies. Programmers can charge money for the open source software they create or to which they contribute. But because most open source licenses require them to release their source code when they sell software to others, many open source software programmers find it more lucrative to charge users for software services and support rather than for the software itself. This way, their software remains free of charge and they make money helping others install, use, and troubleshoot it.

 

What kind of license is needed to use Open Source software?
The license provides the right to have the source code, change the source code, run and distribute the program. When you modifying Open Source software you must agree to provide others the same rights over the alterations you perform to the code. Some licenses prohibit users from putting all or part of the Open Source code into proprietary licensed software, the rational being that vendors should not profit from the community work


What is the speed of development of Open Source software?
Given the lose association of the individuals in the community one might have expected uneven and slow development. In reality the opposite is true. Because there are so many people working on the software, and because they focus on the areas of most pressing interest, development is fast especially on issues of concern to many of the members of the community. The fact is that Open Source communities have developed software much faster than their commercial counterparts. Linux, for example, typically puts out a new release every 18 months vs. Windows which does so every 3 years
 

Quality of Open Source software
Quality tends to be high in spite of the frequent releases. The large number of eyes in the community probably account for so many bugs being caught early on and addressed quickly. Commercial developers tend to try to hide their software shortcomings until a later date. In Open Source focus is brought upon the bugs to resolve them as there is no financial interest prompting anyone to hide such bugs, on the contrary, the community has a vested interest in having things fixed as soon as possible
  

Following are list of Criteria that must comply for open-source software
1. Free Redistribution
2. Source Code
3. Derived Works
4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code
5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups


Purpose of Open Source Software:
There are plenty of contractors having expertise in the language the code is written in and they make money from those that want to make alterations to the code to tailor it to their institutional use or to contribute some enhancements. Going Open Source and building a community of users is just their business model.
Quality of Open Source software
Quality tends to be high in spite of the frequent releases. The large number of eyes in the community probably account for so many bugs being caught early on and addressed quickly. In Open Source focus is brought upon the bugs to resolve them as there is no financial interest prompting anyone to hide such bugs, on the contrary, the community has a vested interest in having things fixed as soon as possible


Legal Issues when using Open Source Software (OSS):
1. Under the terms of an OSS license we are generally permitted to access, copy, modify and distribute the underlying source code, provided that we do not place any additional restrictions on access to the source code when passing it to others (say our customers). This clearly creates a problem for businesses that have their own software terms and conditions, which usually state the exact opposite.


2. OSS licenses only contain limited warranties about the quality and functionality of the OSS being provided. They often state that the OSS is provided “as is”. In addition no guarantees are given to protect us against claims made by third parties that the OSS breaches their intellectual property rights (i.e. patents or copyrights).
This creates a serious problem for commercial users of OSS, as due to the number of people involved in developing the OSS, it is virtually impossible to verify the source and originality of the OSS. However, our customers will expect us to be liable for and protect them against breaches of third party intellectual property rights


3. If selling software is the core business, we need to carry out a technical and legal due diligence before using any OSS and maintain a system thereafter to monitor the use of OSS within organization. We should clearly state in our terms and conditions that the OSS, or components which incorporate OSS, are licensed to customers subject to the terms of the applicable open source license

Top Factors Driving Open Source Adoption
1. Better quality software.
2.Freedom from vendor lock-in.
3.Flexibility of and access to large software libraries.
4.Competitive features and technical capabilities.
5.Open source community is a good resource for attracting and retaining top development talent


Does it play a role in enterprise applications? Do you see open source options in the enterprise space like CRM? or a quoting/ordering/billing stack?
No, open source may not be able to play a good role in enterprise application like ours, especially when it involves a big product catalog, complex pricing, global availability, complex contracting roles etc etc. In open source contributing developers code in their own comfort zone. They may not think all business cases and scenarios. For enterprise application development, developers need detailed product requirements, which are always delivered by a business-savvy product managers. In open source, this pairing is difficult 

Some of the characteristics of Open Source software

*Control resides with the user
*Highly stable
*Proven security
*End-User input to evolving functionality
*Excellent quality
*Highly flexible
*No or reduced License Fees
*No vendor lock-in
*Self-determined upgrade path
*Can run on less expensive hardware
*Very cost-effective
*Freedom of vendor choice
*Fast development cycles
*Ongoing evolution

 
It's important to realize just how successful and widespread open source development is. Much of today's most innovative and important software has been built using this model.

Top 10 open source CRM softwares :
1.SugarCRM
2.vTiger
3.SplendidCRM
4.Xtuple
5.Concursive
6.Compiere
7.Opentaps
8.CentraView
9.XRMS
10.CiviCRM


Pioneers of Open Source movement:
1. Richard Matthew Stallman:
He is best known for launching the GNU Project, founding the Free Software Foundation
2. Michael Tiemann:
First major contribution


For More information on CRM opensources:
http://www.crmsearch.com/top-10-open-source-crm-systems.php
 

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